Assuming the question is in regard to firearms and ammunition, you can read the "caliber" of a round as a decimal how wide the bullet is in inches. So a .40 caliber round is .4 inches wide, or about 10.16 millimeters wide. A .45 caliber round would be .45", so a little bit fatter than the .40 caliber round.
The caliber doesn't tell the whole story of a round though, it doesn't say how long the bullet is, how heavy, how big the casing behind the round is, how much kinetic energy is hits with, etc. The .40 S&W round has an average of 425 ft/lbs of energy right at the muzzle, while the .45 ACP, a "bigger" round, has about 400 ft/lbs.
Yes, a 45 caliber bullet is bigger than a 40 caliber bullet. A .45 is0.45 inches wide in diameter and a .40 is 0.4 inches in diameter.
45 has the larger projectile. Size of the handgun will vary.
Either platform can be larger than the other. The 45 has the larger projectile. Caliber is defined as the diameter in fractions of an inch, so .40 caliber is smaller in diameter than .45 caliber. Caliber can also be defined in the metric system, measured in milimeters. The .40 caliber cartridge is equivalent to 10mm in diameter. As noted, the size of a handgun can vary widely within one caliber, so it is perfectly reasonable to have a smaller handgun crafted in a larger caliber.
40
No
No. The AK-47 fires the 7.62x39mm round, which is of the .30 caliber, smaller than the .45 caliber.
the 40 cal is a little bigger then the 357
@ .05 inches
The .45 caliber is bigger in diameter. If you mean weight. The .45 caliber is generally heavier. However there are some lightweight .45 caliber bullets that are lighter than .357 caliber bullets. Generally speaking .45 caliber bullets weigh between 180 - 230 grains. While .357 caliber bullets generally weigh between 158 - 180 grains. If you are talking about diameter, the .357 caliber bullets are approximately 0.357 inches in diameter. The .45 caliber is approximately 0.450 inches in diameter. Again, using this measure, the .45 caliber is the larger bullet.
No
The .40 is larger in diameter and (normally) has a heavier bullet.
A 40mm handgun would fire a bullet the size of a golf ball. No such critter. There IS a .40 caliber handgun (about 10mm). There are dozens of larger caliber handguns than .40 caliber. They include the .41, .44. .45, .455. .460, .475, .500- and several others.