What is an anime moe girl?

Answer 1

Moe is a slang word. There is a literal definition. It means budding, and refers to plants.

In anime it can have many meanings but with a common factor.

People feel protective of moe characters.

Moe characters are always lovely, whether they be maids, cat girls, girls in glasses or whatever. Often they combine innocence and childlike characteristics with bodies that can easily be sexualized.

The true moe fan wants to preserve their innocence. This is not lolicon. Most moe fans agree that blushing is cuter than a panty shot. Some will even find the panty shot vulgar and still like moe characters.