In Victory of the Daleks,the Daleks pretended to be on Winston Churchill's side in World War 2 but were actually waiting for a "testinomy" from the Doctor.When the Doctor arrived and the Daleks got their testinomy,it confirmed they were Daleks to the proginetor(which didn't recognise them,because they were impure).The proginetor created a new race of pure Daleks.The new Daleks escaped and by doing so,claimed Victory,hence the episode title "Victory of the Daleks".
Later,the Daleks ended up being part of a pandorica alliance,in The Pandorica Opens/the Big Bang.The pandorica Alliance succeeded in trapping the Doctor in the Pandorica.Later,the Dalek was brought to life by light from the Pandorica.For some unexplained reason,though,it was scared of River Song.
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They look like giant metal salt shakers with a whisk for one arm and a toilate plunger for the other. Thgey also have an eyestalk on the top, with a blue light in the middle. This isn't spam, it's pretty accurate. ;) They actually did use a plunger + whisk for the arms when making the daleks on the show.
As revealed in Daleks in Manhatten/Eveloution of the Daleks, the Daleks are made out a metal called Dalekanium. The base of the dalek also provides a pickup for static electricity
The Daleks don't really have a personality have they have no emotions, actually just one! Beauty that is why they can never kill the doctor (Asylum of the daleks)
Fear and hate are the only emotions the daleks are capable of.
The daleks casing is made of polycarbite with a sheild. Cybermen are made of metal which isn't as strong.
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