The most common resistance against slavery in the 19th century was abolitionism in the north. Many women of the north were abolitionist and expected their rights to be improved as well as the slaves when the time came.
If slave masters increased workloads, provided meager rations, or punished too severely, slaves registered their displeasure by slowing work, feigning illness, breaking tools, or sabotaging production. These everyday forms of resistance vexed slave masters, but there was little they could do to stop them without risking more widespread breaks in production
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Nonimportation Agreements
Organized Rebellion
Proslavery arguments were based on the notion that slavery was a necessary part of the economy and a "positive good" for slaves. Those who supported slavery argued that it was a beneficial institution providing economic stability and protection for the slaves. Some of the most common proslavery arguments included: Slavery was beneficial to the slaves providing them with a secure and stable life protection and basic needs like food clothing and shelter. Slavery provided economic stability for the slave-owning class. Slavery was a necessary evil for the continuation of the Southern economy. Slavery was a natural way of life and the slaves were better off in servitude than in a free society. Slavery was a form of punishment for people who had done wrong in the past. Slavery was a form of "divine mandate" from God.Ultimately proslavery arguments were attempts to justify the institution of slavery and to refute any moral or ethical objections to it.
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Slaves developed several ways to resist slavery in the South. Many were able to escape and flee to the North or into Canada using the Underground Railroad. Another form of resistance involved slowing down their work although this often resulted in whippings and other punishment. They resisted slavery through a type of code that only they understood, often in the songs they sang.