v Behaviourist theory (Skinner), are born with a blank slate and therefore need to learn everything we know through experience, he uses the principles of positive and negative reinforcement.
v Chomsky proposed that the LAD is an innate device which we are born with, when we are born it is in the off position and through the experience of language it is switched on and children are able to learn language
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Chomsky argued that language is an innate cognitive ability with a universal grammar that guides language development, while Skinner believed that language is learned through conditioning and reinforcement. Chomsky's theory emphasizes the role of Biology and genetics in language acquisition, whereas Skinner's theory focuses on the importance of external stimuli and environmental factors.
Chomsky and Bloomfield were both influential linguists, but they held different views on language. Bloomfield was a behaviorist who believed that language could be studied through observable behavior, while Chomsky argued for the importance of innate linguistic structures in language acquisition and use. Chomsky's theories, such as Universal Grammar, have had a more lasting impact on the field of linguistics.
Saussure focused on the structure and system of language, emphasizing the relationship between signifier and signified in creating meaning. Chomsky, on the other hand, emphasized universal grammar and the innate cognitive structures that enable humans to acquire language. While Saussure's focus was more on the synchronic aspects of language, Chomsky's work delved into both synchronic and diachronic aspects, such as language acquisition and evolution.
One limitation of Chomsky's linguistic theory is its focus on idealized grammatical structures rather than real language use. Another limitation is its emphasis on innate knowledge of grammar, which may overlook the role of social and cultural factors in shaping language. Additionally, some critics argue that Chomsky's theory does not adequately account for the diversity and variability found in actual languages.
Universal grammar refers to the innate set of linguistic principles that all human languages share, proposed by Noam Chomsky. Language universals, on the other hand, are patterns or features found across a wide range of languages that are not dependent on universal grammar. In essence, universal grammar is about the underlying structure of grammar in all languages, while language universals refer to common characteristics found in languages around the world.
Passive language is when the subject of the sentence is being acted upon, while active language is when the subject is performing the action.