No! They will not even fit in the chamber.
Yes. The 44 special is a bit shorter than the 44 magnum, so it will fit in the cylinder of the 44 mag. The reverse won't work, however. A 44 mag cannot be fired in a revolver chambered for the 44 special because the 44 mag is too long and won't fit in the cylinder of the 44 special.
250 USD
50-160 or so
NO
Single Action revolver made in Germany.
Yes
50-260
In a .44 Magnum revolver, yes. In a semi-automatic .44 Magnum (such as the Desert Eagle), no.
IF the revolver is marked ".22 LR" yes. If it is marked ".22 WMR" or .22 Mag" or " .22 WRF", then NO.
NO!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! DO NOT TRY THIS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
NO. 44mag is much larger than the 44spec. You can however fire 44 special in 44mag.