In 1837, approximately 2 million out of about 7.5 million people in the United States were enslaved, representing around 26% of the total population. This percentage varied by region, with higher concentrations of enslaved people in the southern states.
The two main kinds of slavery historically were chattel slavery, where enslaved individuals were considered the property of their owners and had no rights, and debt bondage, where individuals were enslaved to work off a debt but still had some limited rights.
Enslaved people from Dahomey were sent primarily to the Americas, particularly to regions like the Caribbean and North America, where they were forced to work on plantations and in various other labor-intensive industries. Some were also sent to other parts of the Americas, such as Brazil and parts of South America.
Slavery was legal in Virginia due to the economic reliance on the labor of enslaved Africans to sustain the tobacco and agricultural industries. The presence of slavery was supported by laws that were created to regulate the institution and protect the interests of slave owners. Additionally, racial attitudes and beliefs perpetuated the idea that Africans were inferior and justified their enslavement.
Abolitionists wanted the immediate emancipation of all enslaved individuals and the end of slavery as an institution. They also sought equal rights and treatment for freed slaves in society.
Some enslaved Africans responded to their conditions by doing their work poorly or slowly. Others did well so they could be promoted to managers. Some responded by doing what they were told and others pretended to be sick.
Three ways they reacted was: 1.they broke tools 2. they acted sick 3.they listened to everything they were told so them and their family were treated nice and given easier jobs. Allison Nicole Ricker
they worked slow or broke their tools.they also acted sick so they wouldn't have 2 work.
There were four reasons they enslaved Africans 1)Africans were immune to the Europeans disease. 2)Africans had no one in America to help them escape. 3)they provided a permanent source of cheap labor. 4) many had worked on farms in their native lands
Brutal physical punishments such as whipping, branding, and mutilation were common forms of discipline. Insufficient food and poor living conditions resulted in malnutrition and disease among enslaved Africans. Families were often separated through sale, causing emotional trauma and disrupting social bonds.
1. The colonies in the Americas depended on slave labor to work on their plantations. The owners tried to make as much money as possible, so they wanted cheap labor.2. People who enslaved Africans and then sold them made a great deal of money.3. Some African tribes actually helped the slave traders and allowed their people to be captured. Also, many African nations could not defeat the slave traders.4. Many European nations who participated in the slave trade had more and better weapons to capture slaves, and the Africans were helpless to defend themselves.
they use it for 1.transportation 2.recreation 3.hydroelectric energy
They generally forced peace between tribes and brought employment (however humble)
Following are two ways: 1 - LIFO 2 - FIFO
Two vital ideas to the Atlantic slave trade are the dehumanization of enslaved Africans, which justified their treatment as property, and the economic profitability of using enslaved labor to produce goods like sugar, tobacco, and cotton for European markets. These ideas perpetuated the brutal system of slavery that lasted for over 400 years in the Americas.
The Middle Passage refers to the forcible passage of African people from Africa to the New World, as part of the Atlantic slave trade. Ships departed Europe for African markets with commercial goods, which were in turn traded for kidnapped Africans who were transported across the Atlantic as slaves; the enslaved Africans were then sold or traded as commodities for raw materials,[1] which would be transported back to Europe to complete the "triangular trade". The term "Middle Passage" thus refers to that branch of the transatlantic trade in which millions[2] of Africans were imprisoned, enslaved, and removed from their homelands. Traders from the Americas and Caribbean received the enslaved Africans. European powers such as Portugal, England, Spain, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, and Brandenburg, as well as traders from Brazil and North America, all took part in this trade. An estimated 15% of the Africans died at sea, with mortality rates considerably higher in Africa itself in the process of capturing and transporting indigenous peoples to the ships.[3] The total number of African deaths directly attributable to the Middle Passage voyage is estimated at up to two million; a broader look at African deaths directly attributable to the institution of slavery from 1500 to 1900 suggests up to four million African deaths.[4]
The Middle Passage refers to the forcible passage of African people from Africa to the New World, as part of the Atlantic slave trade. Ships departed Europe for African markets with commercial goods, which were in turn traded for kidnapped Africans who were transported across the Atlantic as slaves; the enslaved Africans were then sold or traded as commodities for raw materials,[1] which would be transported back to Europe to complete the "triangular trade". The term "Middle Passage" thus refers to that branch of the transatlantic trade in which millions[2] of Africans were imprisoned, enslaved, and removed from their homelands. Traders from the Americas and Caribbean received the enslaved Africans. European powers such as Portugal, England, Spain, France, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, and Brandenburg, as well as traders from Brazil and North America, all took part in this trade. An estimated 15% of the Africans died at sea, with mortality rates considerably higher in Africa itself in the process of capturing and transporting indigenous peoples to the ships.[3] The total number of African deaths directly attributable to the Middle Passage voyage is estimated at up to two million; a broader look at African deaths directly attributable to the institution of slavery from 1500 to 1900 suggests up to four million African deaths.[4]