You are over cleaning your piercing and drying it out
If you mean a ball of hard skin, then it's only your body healing around your piercing. Since you have something permanent in there, it will heal around it and act kind of like a scar. If you remove it, it will still be there. I have that in my navel and septum.
Feeling the barbell of your navel piercing through the skin when you run your finger across it can be normal, especially during the healing process. However, if you notice any signs of migration such as the jewelry moving or skin thinning around the piercing, it's recommended to consult with a professional piercer to assess the situation.
No, it is not OK. Bactine dries out the skin around the piercing, meaning the skin around your piercing will die. Bacteria tends to gather in the dead tissue and can cause infection. So, no, don't use it.
Yes. This is the normal healing of the skin around the piercing points. Signs of worrisome infection would include worsening redness, swelling, warmth, pain, or increasing pus-like discharge from the piercing site.
No, you need to get a longer bar.
Is it a new piercing? It might just be bruising. Especially if the piercer used clamps. Otherwise, there really shouldn't be dark skin but it might be scarring. You can use scar cream on it just not directly in the piercing
This is a question that should have been covered by your piercer. It's there responsibility to advise you of what is right and not right for the piercing you are getting. So I would suggest you give them a call and ask them what is up with your piercing.
Its probably just dry skin. Clean the piercing a little less often. If it doesn't get better, you can dab some vitamin E oil on the outside of the piercing to moisturize the skin around it.
This is totally fine and normal. Don't sweat! All it is is the tongue's version of a scab. Since its a moist environment though, it's not going to be a normal looking/feeling scab that you would get on your skin. Basically, white blood cells rushing towards the excess bacteria in the wound, and it forms pus. The pus gradually just ends up forming a white lump near your piercing which will go away when your tongue is totally healed. Just keep rinsing with sea salt.
The skin shouldn't heal over the back of the jewelry. Its common for the piercing to kinda nestle and from a sort of crater in your lip. If its starting ot heal over, go to your piercer and they can give you a longer stud.
The skin around it will be dry and it'll take longer to heal.