A 44 magnum is more powerful than a 45calibur
Magnum simply means a more powerful cartridge. Some shotguns fire magnum cartridges. You need to define the "Magnum" you are trying to compare with a shotgun.
It's the round which makes the difference, not the pistol. A .45 automatic pistol is going to be more powerful than a .38 revolver, for example. There are revolvers chambered in cartridges such as the .454 Casull and .500 S&W Magnum, which aren't available in any automatic pistols, but it's still ultimately the round which matters, and not whether it's an automatic or revolver.
The Desert Eagle was made in several calibers- one of which WAS the .44 magnum.
Just as a magnum wine bottle is larger than a standard bottle, the firearms industry used the term magnum to refer to a cartridge that is more powerful than the standard cartridge.
A magnum gun is a gun that will shoot a magnum cartridge, and that cartridge will have magnum in its' name. It is just a moniker that infers more powerful cartridge, but the name itself has little or no significance...other than as a marketing tool. One that will propel a projectile at significantly more velocity than a regular one.
Two unrelated terms. A magnum is a cartridge more powerful than the original cartridge. Carbine is a short barreled rifle. Some carbines are chambered for magnum cartridges.
I'd imagine that at closer ranges (like 50 yards or closer) the .44 Magnum is much more powerful. But it is a handgun round, which loses power fairly quickly. The M-16 shoots a small diameter bullet (.223) but is accurate and more powerful at a longer distance.
Depending on the gr/ the harder you squeeze the more speed the bullet travels(lol)/
With no more than that to go on, the best I can give you is a range of 300-3000
Less than 100 to over 1000 depending on specifics.
Yes, the .500 S&W Magnum is a significantly more powerful cartridge than the .50 Action Express used in .50 cal. models of the Desert Eagle.