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It is called static excitation when you make use of solid state components like diode and thyristors to convert to pure dc and to use this dc for field excitation of synchronous generators. The field winding of synchronous generators can be excited by dc source only. It is called brushless excitation because use of carbon brushes are not made here.It is called dynamic excitation is when you make use of rotating brushes. Excitation is necessary to produce reactive power and also to regulate the voltage of synchronous generators.

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A static excitation system uses solid-state devices to provide the field coil of a generator with the necessary excitation current. This system is more reliable and requires less maintenance compared to a traditional brush excitation system, which uses brushes and slip rings to deliver excitation current. Static excitation systems are also more flexible and offer better control over the generator's output voltage and reactive power capability.

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Q: Difference between static excitation system
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