Never change components when reloading.
Small Pistol Primers are used for small caliber pistols, any of the various 9mm calibers such as the .380, the 9mm luger, the 9x18 makarov, the .38 special, the .32 acp, the .25acp etc. and even some larger calibers such as the .40 S&W. Large caliber pistol primers are used in .45 caliber and larger. Still other calibers, such as the .357 Magnum for instance, require primers known as magnum primers.
small pistol large pistol magnum pistol small rifle large rifle magnum rifle .50 BMG These are the primers used in all pistol and rifle ammo that is commercially available. Larger, artillery type, ammunition uses much different primers, obviously.
Never change out a component when reloading unless it is published.
9mm Parabellum cartridges (9mm Luger) HAVE small pistol primers. For some applications such as submachine guns with a free floating firing pin, a harder primer may be used. However, in most applications, the same primer used in .38 Special would also be used in a 9mm.
No. The 44 Magnum cartridge is too long to fit a .44 Special firearm- and it is loaded much hotter than the .44 Special- unsafe to attempt. .44 Special CAN be safely fired from a .44 Magnum firearm, but not vice versa.
A magnum primer produces a hotter, more intense flame. This is produced by adding a powdered metal, such as aluminum, to the the priming compound. They are used to ignite larger charges or more "hard to light" powders.
Last large pistol primers I purchased for reloading were about $4.00 per hundred.
No- they do not interchange- difference in height.
We cannot provide specific information due to liability considerations. Safe loads vary, depending on a number of factors. Check here: http://www.handloads.org/
Compare exactly wit your reloading-datas. Small Pistol Mag primers have about 12 Joules and normal ones about 5 Joules. 357 mag 158 gr bullet on s&w 686-6": Vectan SP2: normal primer : 0.85gramms max mag primer : 0,77 gramms worked fine Accurate 2 : comparable, about 10% less powder. start smootly with about 15% less at least.
The .357 Magnum cartridge is longer and much more powerful than the .38 Special. While .38 Special ammo CAN be safely fired in a .357 Magnum, the reverse is not true. It is dangerous to try this.
The SP and SR primers are same size, but with different cup thickness/hardness and different amount/brisance of priming compound. You will need to be vigilant in working up loads. You can use small rifle primers in place of small pistol, just not the reverse.