Well the only way to put anything into a tongue is to use a needle to pierce the tongue first then put a barbell into the newly pierced hole. (Please quit calling it a tongue ring, it's a barbell and not a ring).
Nothing. You don't have to worry about biting the tongue ring if the barbell isn't too long for your mouth & if you don't use it to click your teeth.
The barbell has to be longer to allow the tongue to swell, failure to allow for room can result in the barbell being pulled into the piercing and requiring surgical intervention to remove it from the tongue.
Yes, you can. Most barbells made for the tongue are 14 gauge, so your ear piercing would need to be 14 gauge (much thicker than a regular earring). A labret is another option, as they are usually shorter.
Well for horizontal hood piercings you can use a captive bead ring or circular barbell. For vertical hood the choices are straight barbell, bent barbell, circular barbell or captive bead ring.
The barbell has to be longer to allow the tongue to swell, failure to allow for room can result in the barbell being pulled into the piercing and requiring surgical intervention to remove it from the tongue.
No, tongue rings are specifically designed for tongue piercings and are not suitable for an industrial piercing. An industrial piercing typically requires a long straight barbell that goes through two separate ear piercings. It is best to use jewelry that is specifically designed for an industrial piercing to ensure proper healing and comfort.
The original barbell must be metal. After that...it's your preference. I don't like plastic barbells because they aren't as sturdy. However, I do like to use plastic balls instead of metal. The metal click against my teeth and can be more damaging.
No
Sure Bioplast was designed for the body piercing industry and is fine once the piercing is healed. Some piercers will use it right from the start, but I am a bit old school so I like to get the piercing healed with a metal barbell ( the flexing can prevent the piercing from draining correctly and clients tends to chew on a flexible barbell which isn't a smart move ). Just keep in mind anything flexible will eventually fail from wear and tear, so keep your shorter metal barbell handy when you travel, just in case.
14.
Well at home you can't actually "sterilize" your barbell however if you are looking to just clean it, take it apart and place the parts in a small container or cup and pour 70% Isoproply alcohol on it and leave it for about 15 ~ 30 minutes in the alcohol. That should pretty much kill the bacteria in and on the barbell. Sterilizing the barbell requires the use of a autoclave (used in piercing studios, tattoo shops and hospitals) to actually sterilize the barbell (cycle takes about 30 ~40 minutes). You could take it down to your local piercing studio and for a small fee they would autoclave the barbell for you.