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Phospholipids are a crucial component of cell membranes, forming a lipid bilayer that provides structure and acts as a barrier to control what enters and exits the cell. They also play a role in cell signaling and as precursors for various signaling molecules.
Proteins embedded in the cell membrane often act as receptors for signaling molecules or transporters for ions and molecules across the membrane. Carbohydrates attached to proteins and lipids in the cell membrane are involved in cell-cell recognition and communication, as well as providing structural support to the membrane.
Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs cycle by combining with oxaloacetate to form citrate. Carbon dioxide is a byproduct that exits the Krebs cycle as a waste product.
Germination is the name of the process when water enters a seed, causing it to lose its seed coat and initiate the growth of a root and a stem. This process marks the beginning of a seed's growth into a new plant.
Sodium ions enter the axon during action potential. This influx of sodium ions depolarizes the axon membrane, leading to the propagation of the action potential along the axon.