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Why resting membrane potential value sodium is closer to equilibrium of potassium?
The resting membrane potential value for sodium is closer to the equilibrium of potassium because the sodium-potassium pump actively maintains a higher concentration of potassium inside the cell and a higher concentration of sodium outside the cell. This leads to a higher permeability of potassium ions at rest, resulting in the resting membrane potential being closer to the equilibrium potential of potassium.
What is the Difference between membrane potential and equilibrium potential?
Membrane potential is the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell membrane. Equilibrium potential is the membrane potential at which the electrical and concentration gradients of a specific ion are balanced, resulting in no net movement of that ion across the membrane.
Through the membrane of a resting neuron highly permeable to potassium ions its membrane potential does not exactly match the equilibrium potential for potassium because the neuronal membrane is?
The neuronal membrane also has ion channels for other ions besides potassium, such as sodium or chloride, that can influence the resting membrane potential. These other ions contribute to the overall equilibrium potential of the neuron, which affects its resting membrane potential. Additionally, the activity of Na+/K+ pumps helps establish and maintain the resting membrane potential, contributing to the slight difference from the potassium equilibrium potential.
Explain why a change in extracellular sodium did not alter the membrane potential in the resting neuron?
A change in extracellular sodium concentration would not alter the resting membrane potential of a neuron because the resting potential is primarily determined by the relative concentrations of sodium and potassium ions inside and outside the cell, as mediated by the sodium-potassium pump and leak channels. Changes in extracellular sodium concentration would not directly affect this equilibrium.
Ions used to establish a resting potential?
Sodium (Na+) and Potassium (K+) ions are primarily responsible for establishing the resting potential of a neuron. At rest, there are more sodium ions outside the cell than inside, contributing to a positive charge outside the cell. In contrast, there are more potassium ions inside the cell than outside, contributing to a negative charge inside the cell.
