Membership declined for several reasons. Two are: much of work force consisted of immigrants willing to work in poor conditions, most unions excluded African American farmers who had migrated to cities to find factory jobs were used to relying on themselves.
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Unions lost many government contracts after WW I and many workers were out of jobs, including Union workers. There were many strikes during the 1920s and striker's grievances were generally valid, but few Americans or the government sided with the labor movement during the strikes. Many businesses described the strikers as revolutionaries trying to destroy the capitalistic system. Many Americans bought that description. There were a few gains made by labor during the decade but many major strikes failed and the violence that occurred during some strikes began a decline in Labor Union membership and support. In 1919, organized labor membership was around 5 million. In 1929 that number had dropped to 3.6 million.
American federation of labor limited its membership to skilled craft union.
American Federation of Labor
During the 1990s and the early years of the twenty-first century, despite the decline in the percent of workers who were unionized, nearly 16 million U.S. workers, between one-eighth and one-sixth of the labor force, belonged to labor unions.
He started a labor union - apex