Your son and your sisters child are first cousins. The granddaughter is out of synch by a generation. That will make them first cousins once removed.
If you really need a relationship term, use granddaughter-in-law. Most people would merely say "my grandson's wife."
Your grandfather's brother's granddaughter is your second cousin.
The Czarina at the time of the Russian Revalution was Alexadra. Alexandra was the granddaughter of Queen Victoria. Because of this relationship at the time of the Revolution she had cousins on the throne of Germany, Romania, Spain, England, Norway and Greece.
Your grandfather's brother is your great uncle. Your great uncle's daughter's daughter (his granddaughter) is your second cousin.
Your granddaughter and your second cousin are second cousins, twice removed, to each other.
Your granddaughter and your niece's son are second cousins.
You would be 2nd cousins, assuming that the brother's wife's granddaughter is also the brother's granddaughter. If the granddaughter is not the granddaughter of the brother, there is no relationship.
they're your cousins
Your granddaughter and your sister's grandson are second cousins.
Your 1st cousin's granddaughter would be your daughter's niece.
You and your father's cousin's granddaughter are 2nd cousins once removed.
Your son and your sisters child are first cousins. The granddaughter is out of synch by a generation. That will make them first cousins once removed.
Some of your granddaughter's first cousins are also your grandchildren, others are not related to you at all.
They are first cousins once removed. Your niece's children and your grandchildren will then be 2nd cousins.
Your granddaughter and your first cousin are first cousins, twice removed, to each other.
Your grandson and your sister's grandson are second cousins to each other.