Tempura painting is mixing pigments with eggs. Because of this, it differs from oil painting which is mixing pigments with oils. Tempura painting dries quickly and oils do not. Thus the artist can not often make changes with Tempura painting. Tempura painting is found in the oldest cave paintings known to man.
The invention of oil paint was revolutionary in the Northern Renaissance. Prior to then, everyone was painting with egg tempera. Check out Arnolfini's Wedding by Van Eyck.
Tempera was important to all these groups. Oil paints were invented in the middle ages.
Medieval painters had access to several types of paint, depending mainly on what surface the paint was to be applied to. On parchment (for illustrating book manuscripts) the most common type was egg tempera which used ground-up colour pigments mixed with egg-whites (or sometimes egg yolks) and water. For painting wood, such as on altar-screens and for decorating wooden ceilings in buildings, the same pigments were mixed with oil - this might be linseed oil (from the the same flax plant that produced linen), poppy oil or oil from almonds or walnuts. Wall paintings on lime-mortared surfaces were of pigments mixed with lime and water, effectively becoming part of the wall itself; certain colours were also mixed with egg as a binder. Churches, cathedrals and monastic buildings had their interior walls covered in mural paintings, most of which have been deliberately destroyed. Paintings on stone wall surfaces were executed (from the mid-thirteenth century onwards) with oil paint. From the hairs that remain trapped in the layers of paint we know that brushes were made from the tail hair of red squirrels (now sadly endangered as a species).
I am not sure what type of painter you mean. If you mean a house type painter there wasn't any. House painting is a modern job and there wasn't any paints made in the middle ages. Actually, all the way into the 1930's and 1940's to paint a house was very expensive and very few people had a house that was painted. If you mean an artist he would have been an artist for the church and painting religious subjects. The art of the time was all religious and egg tempera was used as paint on wood planks. Some still exists, but historical information in art mainly comes from books made by the monks and on tapestry.
Mainly oil paint on canvas.
yes
Paint
Tempera is a low-grade paint and is very thin; oil painting is thicker, which makes it better for a variety of styles. Oil paint also had a slight reflective quality that is prized, whilst tempera is very matte.
Marble mostly. Then oil paint and tempera.
Tempera paint on a wood panel.
Until the early 15th century most artists did. Also later there have been many artists who prefer the qualities of tempera to oil paint.
underpainting
painting of oil is called oil paint and painting of vinyl is called vinyl paint
how can I tell the difference between acrylic and oil paint on my wall?
To create layers of paint that reflected light
It makes a difference if you are putting it on a deck, as you suggest. Oil paint may not survive more than a year on an outdooor deck.
The invention of oil paint was revolutionary in the Northern Renaissance. Prior to then, everyone was painting with egg tempera. Check out Arnolfini's Wedding by Van Eyck.