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There is a Wikipedia page dedicated to educate people about Byzantine art history. It provides plenty of information for anyone who wants to learn about it.
Byzantine artist favored the hieratic style because religious figures were not real, therefore it makes sense to portray them in a non-naturalistic manner. This style was not iconic. It could exist to the iconoclastic Byzantine Period.
The Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the Western Roman Empire has been termed Byzantine Empire by historians . Tts art is called Byzantine art. Icons were the most distinctive form of Byzantine art. These were paintings on flat panels, usually made of wood, depicting Christian themes. They were often gilded with golden leaf. The Byzantines developed their own style for mosaics. There was also Byzantine architecture.
Byzantine art was paid for mostly by emperors and the Orthodox church.
In Byzantine religious paintings, the representation of the human form are more symbolic than lifelike. They do not use perspective and therefore do not look three-dimensional.