"Although rectal measurement most accurately reflects core body temperature, the theoretical risk of bacterial translocation during the procedure of inserting the thermometer into the anus (particularly in the child with mucositis) is a contraindication, and therefore oral or axillary measurements are recommended."
source:
"Fever and neutropenia in pediatric patients with cancer." Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2009 Aug;27(3):525-44.
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