Oxygen in, Carbon Dioxide out.
Another answer
Breathing breathes in the atmosphere: not the whole atmosphere obviously, but its composition. Breathing in occurs because of the necessity of oxygen-entrance and breathing out occurs because of the necessity of carbon dioxide-exit.
The air consists of 79% nitrogen and 21% oxygen and 0.04% carbon dioxide and equally tiny percentages of other gases. We breathe in this 79% nitrogen and breathe out an equal percentage. We breathe in 21% oxygen and breathe out 16% oxygen. We breathe in 0.04% carbon dioxide and breathe out 4-5% carbon dioxide.
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