If you have a bucket, manually dig around underground until you find lava, then get reasonably close with your bucket and right click. Your bucket will fill with lava. Move back to your place, then rightclick on a block to place that lava.
Be careful, as the lava you place will being flowing down.
Also, lava burns close-by wooden things.
look it up on minecraft wiki, it really depends of what light, whether it is fire, glowstone or lava.
Diamonds are located near a natural lava source. Making your own lava source does not magically make diamonds appear.
You can find lava underground.
Yes, bedrock will block lava.
no
You can't MAKE one, but you can collect lava with buckets.
Lava or make a hole and they "fall" through it
look it up on minecraft wiki, it really depends of what light, whether it is fire, glowstone or lava.
no, it depends on the type of bridge
type /water or /lava
Diamonds are located near a natural lava source. Making your own lava source does not magically make diamonds appear.
You can find lava underground.
Yes, bedrock will block lava.
no
The Minecraft block ID for lava is 10 or 11 for stationary and flowing lava respectively.
Lava layer is around 12-14
Obsidian always needs lava, either you make it with lava or water or find where the two have met naturally while underground. It cannot be crafted.