Under normal circumstances, a Normal Summon will be in face-up attack mode, and a Set will be in face-down defence mode.
Some cards can change this, such as Light of Intervention, which prevents monsters from being set, but allows them to be Normal Summoned in face-up defence mode.
Special summons are different - the default is face-up attack or face-up defence position. Again though sometimes individual card effects can 'special set' the card, or restrict it to a specific mode.
Yes. Once per turn, a monster may switch from face-up attack mode to face-up defence mode, or vice-versa, as long as the monster was not summoned that turn, and had not declared an attack. If the monster is face-down, then turning it face up into attack mode is a Flip Summon, which can't be done on the turn the monster was Set from hand.
No, you do not 'tribute' the Synchro Material for a Synchro Summon. They are sent to the graveyard, not tributed. You can tribute an opponents synchro monster for "Assault Mode Activate!" to summon the assault mode monster from your deck.
Defence Mode, or Defence Position, means that the card is placed Horizontally in the monster zone. It could also be Set (face down defence position) or face-up due to being Set and attacked, or switched while face-up from attack to defence.
Nothing, unless the card specifically mentions a penalty for not attacking. If a monster is in defense mode it is not able to declare an attack, and there are no consequences for not attacking unless the monster's text mentions one.
only with a cards effect. during a normal battle, you can't just simply set it.
No. A Normal Summon is face-up ATK mode, a Set is face-down Defense Mode, and a special summons can vary from face-up attack, face-up defense or face-down defense. No card can summon in face-down ATK mode, however the card Darkness Approaches can flip an ATK mode monster face-down without changing the battle position.
A Synchro Summon is a special summon, so the summoned monster can be in attack or defence mode, just must be face up.
A Normal Summon is face-up attack mode, a regular Set is face-down defence mode. You cannot Normal Summon or Flip Summon into face-up defence position unless an effect like Light of Intervention lets/makes you. Unless specified though, a Special Summon can be face-up attack or face-up defence position. However you can't special summon face-down unless an effect lets/makes you.
Yes. Once per turn, a monster may switch from face-up attack mode to face-up defence mode, or vice-versa, as long as the monster was not summoned that turn, and had not declared an attack. If the monster is face-down, then turning it face up into attack mode is a Flip Summon, which can't be done on the turn the monster was Set from hand.
Yes, technically that's a Set though, not a Summon.
The monster is flipped into face-up defense position and any battle damage that occurs is calculated. Afterwards the monster that was attacked remains on the field and is not sent to the Graveyard.Examples of monsters that cannot be destroyed in battle are Spirit Reaper and Marshmallon.If a monster attacks with an effect that enables it to deal damage equal to the difference in its ATK and the defending monster's DEF (like Twin-Sword Marauder or a monster equipped with Big Bang Shot), the damage is calculated but the monster is still not destroyed in battle.
Yes, you may summon it in face up attack or face up defence mode by default if it doesn't mention otherwise.
No, you do not 'tribute' the Synchro Material for a Synchro Summon. They are sent to the graveyard, not tributed. You can tribute an opponents synchro monster for "Assault Mode Activate!" to summon the assault mode monster from your deck.
Generally no, a card cannot be manually switched to face-down Defense Position after it is Summoned on the field in face-up Attack Position. There are some cards that allow you to switch it into face-down Defense Position as an EFFECT. For example: Golem Sentry.Golem SentryEARTH/Rock/Lv 4/EffectATK: 800DEF: 1800You can flip this card into face-down Defense Position once per turn. When this card is Flip Summoned successfully, return 1 monster on your opponent''s side of the field to the owner''s hand.With cards such as Golem Sentry, you can Normal Summon it and activate its effect, flipping it face-down in Defense Position, in the same turn.
No, you can never place a monster like that. A summon is face-up attack mode, a Set is face-down defence mode. When Light of Intervention is active, you can summon is face-up defence mode too. However you can never Set in attack position - in the entire game, there is only one way to get a monster in face-down defence position, and that's Darkness Approaches. There's no other way, and definitely not from hand as Set or Summon.
Unless stated otherwise on the card, a special summon is in face-up attack or face-up defence mode. Cyber Dragon doesn't specify a specific position, so can be placed in either of the two default positions above. Call of the Haunted is one card that is specific, the monster is summons can only go in face-up attack mode. The Shallow Grave is another specific one, this one Special Sets, rather than put the monsters in the default face-up positions.
Unless there is a card effect preventing it, it can attack.