For most purposes where less than 1/2 cup white wine is required in a recipe you can substitute chicken or vegetable stock. Usually this is in terms of "deglazing" a pan. This means that after quick cooking some type of protein (chicken, fish, shrimp, pork) in a small bit of oil the wine would be added to scrape up small bits of carmelized flesh from the bottom of the pan, adding to the flavor of the liquid in the pan to create a sauce or gravy.
Other uses might be to add a wine flavor to soup or stew which would be eliminated by using the stock.
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You can if you want to change the taste. Marsala, the wine produced for export is universally a fortified wine similar to Port, Madeira and Sherry. Originally, Marsala wine was fortified with alcohol to ensure that it would last long ocean voyages, but now it is made that way because of its popularity in foreign markets. Red wine is not fortified so the outcome would be very differant.