Unlike the trolls in 'LOTR', the trolls in The Hobbit were used for comic relief. The Hobbit is, after all, a childen's story - Tolkien wrote it originally for his own kids, and the troll episode was their favourite part of the whole tale. The idea was trolls could speak a debased form of 'westron' (the 'common tongue'), so Tolkien represented that in English through a Cockney dialect, which in his opinion was probably 'common'. Hope that helps :)
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A warg as refered to in The Hobbit is a particularly evil type of wolf. Wargs and goblins often help each other with wicked deeds.Wargs, especially those of the Hobbit, were known to speak in their own language, and so they were sentient beasts, like the crow Roac and the Thrush. There is not too much description about the Wargs in Tolkien's works besides the fact that they were like wolves (often called by that name as well). However, it is interesting to note that a spell Gandalf one time uses in LOTR, when translated, calls the attacking Wargs "ngaurhoth" (werewolves). Thus, it is possible that the Wargs of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings were the werewolves referred to in Tolkien's Silmarillion.
Gandalf opens the West-door into Moria with the password 'mellon', meaning 'friend'. He had misinterpreted his translation of the door-inscription as "Speak, friend, and enter" when it meant 'speak' as in 'say', or "Say 'friend' and enter". In Tolkien's book, Merry is the first to question the meaning and this leads Gandalf to the answer. In the 2001 film, Frodo makes the leap from password to riddle.
The lower jaw enables us to chew and to speak
You read and write runes, not speak.
Peter can speak Greek and English.