The beast in Lord of the Flies is the boys external fear of the savagery within themselves. Simon understands this and is therefore excluded in the group of the boys ignorance. This fear against themselves propells them to act out in animalistic ways against other members of the group, turning them from a group of well-mannered English boys to a group of painted savages.
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Although the beast could be seen to represent many things, it is commonly accepted that it represents 'the evil within us all'. This is an idea formulated by Golding from his experiences during WWII, when he was amazed by the atrocities that Humans were capable of committing against each other. He formulated the idea that all humans have an innate evil inside of them, that, in the right circumstances, could be unleashed. This is what seems to happen in the case of Simon's death, when the boy's begin to with the "throb and stamp of a single organism".
There are two answers to that question. Physically the thing which Samneric and later Ralph, Jack and Roger mistook for a beast was discovered by Simon to be the body of the pilot. But the real beast, as Simon and later Ralph also realised, is the darness with ourselves. the beast is the primative part of us, that lies beneath our thin veneer of civilisation, ready to re-emerge when the right situation arises.
"beastie"is what the littluns use to describe the thing that haunts their dreams, but it becomes the beast; which can be interpreted in many ways, such as fear of people, or the pigs head, or the man on the mountain.
The beast is within in the boys as an internal force. Simon is the only one who recognises this by his watching of interactions between the boys and his halluciatory converstation with 'The Lord of the Flies'
It depends on the place within the book. At one point, the "Beast" is a dead parachuter on top of the mountain. When the wind blows, the parachute billows up and makes it seem like there is a beast moving.
He is mistaken for the beast when trying to tell the Hunters the truth and is torn apart by them as if they were wild animals.
The beast is a symbol for fear within the boys on the island, as well as their doubt.
the idea of the beast is that we all have it in us that to be evil and on the island that is what the boys are realising it is what Simon died for and what William Golding is saying to us.
The "beast from the air" is the dead body of a pilot, suspended from a parachute, which descends from the air and lands on top of the mountain. This body and it's "flapping" parachute are mistakenly identified in the dark as a"winged beast" by the twins Sam n Eric, who are called Samneric by the other boys.
There are two 'beasts' in chapter 8: Gift for the Darkness. Firstly there is the beast which Ralph, Jack and Roger tell the rest of the boys about. A beast which is sitting on the top of the mountain. It is actually the dead body of an airman attached to a parachute but the boys believe that it is a beast of some sort. This is the same beast to which Jack and his tribe later leave the guts and head of a pig they have killed as an offering. Later there is a second 'beast' which speaks to Simon. This beast isn't a talking pig's head on a stick, it is an internal voice within Simon. Simon is apparently having a major epileptic fit and in his delusional state he has a conversation with the evil, which he already suspects lays within all of us, the propensity and capacity of doing evil simply for evils sake.
The beast in Lord of The Flies is the parachuter that came from the plane that got shot down after theirs. It also symbolizes the inner fear of the boys through out the book.
Simon meets the beast in chapter 8 on page 137.
To the mountain to search for the beast.
Simon is an epileptic and during an epileptic fugue he has an internalised conversation with the evil which he knows dwells within us all. He mentally projects this inner beast onto the pig's head on a stick which Jack has left as an offering for the imagined beast.
That quote comes from the internalised conversation that Simon has with the beast within himself, during an epileptic fit. It is from chapter 8: Gift For The Darkness, a couple of paragraphs from the end, on page 158 in my edition of the book.
Jack called the meeting under the pretence of discussing the encounter with the beast on the mountain top but really with the intention of attempting to depose Ralph as leader and installing himself as the new leader of the boys.