In the movie, Merry gives Pippin the last of the Longbottom Leaf they salvaged from Isengard. This is contrary to the book because Merry actually gives the last of his to Saruman. In the book, there is no exchange.
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Gandalf knows that Gollum is not entirely evil. There is still the good "Smeagol" side to him. Even though he is very wise Gandalf cannot see the ultimate fate of the Ring, but he senses that Gollum will have some part to play for good or evil, so, like he says, "the pity of Bilbo [and himself] may rule the fate of many." Also, Gandalf is not the type of person who will kill recklessly. And he himself, good and powerful though he is, has been tempted by the Ring's power, so he can vaguely understand Gollum's misery. Gandalf is very much like Jesus, who was tempted by Satan and can understand, though not agree with, a human's lust for power and easily corruptible heart.
Gandalf's presence with the group camped around the dwarven stronghold delighted Bilbo.gandalf
Gandalf is worried that Smaug may become an ally to the newly returned Sauron.
In the book, he says nothing special to Frodo - it is at the guard room where he cannot decide that Pippin knocks something heavy down the well awakening the goblins and balrog. In the movie, there are two noteworthy exchanges, both which occurred elsewhere in the book. Frodo - (upon seeing Golum) "I wish Bilbo had killed him when he had the chance." Gandalf - "Many who live deserve death, and some that die deserve life - can you give it to them? Do not be so quick to deal out death and judgement. For Even the very wisest cannot see all ends." Frodo - "I wish the ring had never come to me. I wish none of this had happened" Gandalf - "So do all who live to see such times, but that is not for them to decide. All we have to decide is what to do with the time that is given to us."
At the unexpected party, Gandalf gives Thorin a map of the Lonely Mountain, which has information about a secret door and the key to the secret door.