The only control on a circuit breaker is its on/off/reset lever or button.
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There is a heated bimetallic strip that provides a time delay small overload protection. When its contact makes, it energizes a coil to trip the breaker. Some breakers are mechanical, though. There is a coil that trips the breaker instantly on large overload.
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Yes, North American Breaker is the market leader in providing new material for all industrial, commercial, and residential applications.
The ciruit breaker box. This is usually mounted near the main power source in the home. Try the basement, the back porch, or near the kitchen. If all else fails, go outside and look where the power meter is. The breaker box should be nearby inside the home. In many homes the electrical panel is in the basement. In homes that do not have basements the electrical panel is placed in the garage.
1. protection against fire hazard from a short-circuit. A short-circuit can be caused by a loose wire, faulty insulation, or faulty wiring. A short-circuit will cause the wires to heat up rapidly, presenting a fire hazard. 2. protection against circuit overloading. Too much current in a wire caused by overloading (plugging in too many high-power appliances, for example) can cause overheating, presenting a fire hazard. Most circuit breakers have a "slow-blow" mode that breaks the circuit if overload continues for too long. 3. on grounded appliances (which have the third prong on the plug), the ground is connected to all exposed conductive material on the appliance. In the event that a loose wire contacts the exposed metal, a short-circuit will occur, and the power will be cut. This protects against accidental electrocution. Circuit breakers do not protect against fire hazards from inferior gauge of wire, glow-faults, or arc-faults. Most do not protect against electrocution hazards from ground-faults (although some do).