If the heater is rated as a 3 phase 480 volt heater then a neutral is not needed. If the voltage stated is 277 volts three phase then a neutral is needed.
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Yes there is single phase for 600 volts. It is used for lighting. You need a transformer which gives you 600 volts plus a neutral. The voltage for the one phase to neutral is 347.
Yes, just use L1 and L2 ( just 2 of the 3 legs), or one of the legs to a neutral wire if equipped. Just make sure the voltage is the same as the 220 volts you wish to have with single phase service.
You should have about 230 volts between any pair of 3-phase service legs: L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L1. If the voltage measured between any one pair results in low or no voltage, then you have a fuse or circuit problem.
No, you will not obtain 230 volts. From a wye connected three phase 480 volt supply, 277 volts can be obtained from one phase leg and the neutral on the wye connection. 480 volts/1.73 (sq. root of 3) = 277 volts.
In a typical residential situation there is 220 to 240 volts between the two hot wires that are typically red and black and 110 to 120 volts between neutral and either black or red. The voltage between neutral and earth should be zero.