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There isn't one. A CDL is required for vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of 26,001 lbs. or more (with the exception of vehicles exempted from CDL requirements under the federal regs, such as recreational vehicles, emergency vehicles, military vehicles, and farm vehicles), but also for vehicles of any weight which are either designed to carry more than 15 persons (including the driver) or carrying sufficient quantities of hazardous materials to require the display of placards under FMCSR law.
They don't give "minimum" weights for commercial vehicles. Theoretically, you could classify a motorcycle as a commercial vehicle if you were using it to carry property.
It is known as the TARE weight. Tare weight refers to the weight of the empty vehicle itself - minus the load. It is not required to be placarded until after it is loaded.
No airbags are not mandatory on all vehicles. In the united states airbags are mandatory on vehicles under 8500 gvw(gross vehicle weight rating), but might be standard/optional equipment from the manufacturer.
There is no minimum weight.
Can't really tell you without knowing the jurisdiction you're from. In the US, no special licensing would be required to tow that trailer unless the Gross Combined Weight Rating of the tow vehicle and the trailer together exceeded 26,000 lbs. So, if you were towing a trailer with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of 13,000 lbs. with a pickup which had a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating of 13,000 lbs, you have a Gross Combined Weight Rating of 26,000 lbs., and wouldn't require any upgraded license. Now if you were towing it with a Class 7 truck with a 33,000 lb. Gross Vehicle Weight Rating, you'd have a Gross Combined Weight Rating of 46,000 lbs, and special licensing would be required. Once it gets to that point, a Class A CDL is required, unless the vehicle falls under the exemptions for recreational vehicles, farm vehicles, emergency/first response vehicles, or military vehicles.
The tyres of the vehicles does take the weight of all the vehicle, so they does take the weight of passengers as well.
It's not the actual weight, but the weight rating of the trailer which determines if brakes are required on the trailer, and they vary from state to state. In most states, trailer brakes are required on any trailer with a GVWR of 3,000 lbs. or more. In some states, the requirements may be as low as 1,000 lbs.
For vehicles and combinations with a gross weight ratingof 26,001 lbs. or greater, or for vehicles of any weight which are designed to transport more than 15 persons (including the driver) or are transporting a quantity of hazardous materials which requires placarding under the FMCSR, you need a CDL. USDOT registered vehicles which do not meet that criteria do not require a CDL to operate.
The minimum weight is 40 pounds and the minimum height is 4'9".