Women is Sparta had more rights than women in athens. For example: women in Sparta could inherite property while women in Athens could not. Women in Athens were also opressed... they had children and were expected to be a good house wife, being a weaver or potter. Women in Sparta were not oppresed because their husbands were never at home (either at war or in the barracks) Spartan women were supposed to have healthy babies each year (if they babies were unhealthy the babies were put in a pot and left abonded)
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The warrior class were the citizens who voted laws in the Assembly, lived by them and were protected by them. The perioici (landholders in the countryside) had land rights but no political rights, and an obligation to help defend the state. Women and children had no rights. Serfs (helots) had land occupancy but no political rights but had to turn out as light infantry to support the warriors. Aliens had no rights.
Unlike the other Greek cities where they were treated as chattels, the females of Spartan families participated in sport, religious activity and social life. Slave women were treated as slaves.
The women of Sparta had rights, participating in sports and open lifestyle, compared with Athenian women who were kept in purdah in the home rearing children and working in the house and garden.
Spartan women lived a life of reasonable eqality with the men, however they did not serve in the army or political life. Athenian women were kept in virtual purdah - kept at home on domestic tasks and getting out for an occasional womens' religious festival.
Sparta and Athens had many differences and similarities in their government. Only a few Greek city-states had kings. Sparta had two kings, usually cousins or brothers. One would stay home and the other would go off to fight wars. Athens created the first democratic system and many other city-states copied them. Athenian democracy did not give power to everyone. Most of the people in Athens couldn't vote, including women, slaves, foreigners, and children.
Sparta: Women had more rights than Athens. They were expected to be strong and protect the house if the men were not home. They were expected to produce stong healthy boys as well. Sparta focused mainly on the human body strength and military rather than research, development, and government. Sparta was more poor than Athens. I think Sparta had less slaves as well. Sparta's God was if Im not mistaken, Ares or Artemis. Athens: Women had less rights than Sparta and I think they were not allowed to leave the house without a slave or the husband. Athens focused on research, development, and government producing democracy which spread throughout Greece. Athens was generally a rich city. Athens' God was Athena.
Sparta had a more militaristic state than Athens. Sparta had all men training for the military at age seven and ending at age sixty (so basically their whole life was for the military). Also, Sparta valued women much more than Athens. In Athens, women had no rights at all and were only there to reproduce and to clean up after the men and manage the home. They also took care of the babies. Unlike the Sparta women who were allowed to have military training (but could not serve in the military), play sports, learn about the arts, go out in public, and own property/stores. Those from Sparta were descendants of the Dorian invaders, however those from Athens were descendants of the Ionians. Athens founded democracy, and believed that the individual was important, while Sparta believed in the state rather than the individual, with a government based on a oligarchic system. Sparta based their society on the repression of 'Helots' (slaves). Athens freed their slaves and abolished debt slavery.