baking soda is the chemical that is used to raise your pH and alk. when both of these are in range they "buffer each other" which means it usually will stay constant.
I also use baking soda...Sam's Club sells it in 12lb bags...it usually has a 'key' on the back of the bag of how much to use for what size pool.
It also helps your skin stay soft from the swim!
Baking Soda is great if you need to raise BOTH the pH and the alkalinity at the same time.
If your alkalinity is at the correct level, and your pH is low, you do not want to raise the alkalinity, so do not use Baking Soda.... Instead, use "20 Mule Team BORAX" - half a box at a time, wait a couple of hours and re-test each time.
Make sure you buy the "20 Mule Team BORAX" and not any kind of Detergent with Borax in it. That will give you a mess.
The "20 Mule Team BORAX" can be found in the Laundry Additives section in your local super market for a fraction of the cost of the pH-up products, and will work wonderfully without raising your alkalinity to harden your water too much. It also leaves your skin soft after a swim, like the Baking Soda.
Here's a link to show the use of 20 Mule Team Borax in your pool to raise the PH without affecting the Alkalinity levels:
http://www.poolsolutions.com/gd/borax_20mule.HTML
And another link to show more replacement chemicals, and how much to use:
http://www.poolsolutions.com/gd/grocery.HTML
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Assuming your talking about soil PH, applying wood ash or agricultural lime in suitable quantities will do the trick. Both are highly alkaline.
Your pH is the opposite side of the same coin with alkalinity.
To raise it use Sodium Bicarb. With the pump motor off and water motionless, add the bicarb in the deep-end of the pool, in one spot.
Let it sit for 4 hours or more. Turn the pump on and allow to circulate for 2-3 hours, then re-test. Alkalinity should be 80-100, not 150 or higher.
To lower alkalinity, do the same, just use acid. The chart your need in provided in the link below.
You can raise pH only by using sodium carbonate which is mostly sold as pH plus. Don't use bicarbonate which will raise pH but also raises the alkalinity.