Israel is a well-developed modern country with the diversified economy and it does not need any foreign aid- and no country gives it to her.
However, after the victorious for Israel war of 1973 ( Yom Kippur war) between Egypt and Israel, USA in pursue of its geopolitical goals of pushing the Soviet Union out of the Middle East pushed Israel to sign a peace agreement with Egypt and give them the Sinai back. United States were the peace broker and and the guarantee of the peace, and in this quality they obliged to provide the military aid to both countries. This military aid consists in the grants USA gives to Egypt and Israel for purchase of the US weapons and military equipment. Israel gets about $3 bln a year and Egypt gets $2.7 bln a year in grants that can be spent only and exclusively on buying the weapons produced by American companies and that keeps about 80 thousand American workers and engineers busy, so it´s difficult to say, who gains more from this deal: Egypt, Israel- or the USA but looks that it´s very important for the USA to go on with this practice, because Israel has on numerous occasions asked the USA to if not stop completely than at least reduce the amount of weapons it has to buy in the USA, explaining that Israel, the third-world arms exporter, just does not need so much American weapons and can very well do without American rifles, tanks, electronics and other military equipment, but each time USA said "no".
One thing must be very clear: USA gives this money because they signed the obligation to do it, and they signed this obligation on their own free will, trying to achieve their geopolitical goals.
Russia does not give foreign aid to the usa. In fact Russia killed most or all of it's foreign aid back in the 90's with the collapse of the Soviet Union and has just recently started a foreign aid program again.
Israel gives humanitarian aid in times of crisis to many countries. Just to name a few: Greece, Peru, Nicaragua, Bangladesh, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Darfur, Republic of Cyprus, Macedonia, China and of course the United States (Katrina).
to fund their production of muskrats
Japan gives economic aid. Actually, they are one of the world's leaders in giving aid to foreign countries.
Foreign aid is important because countries with resources have an obligation to help countries in need. This includes food, medicine, and military aid.
Sudan receives aid from different neighboring Arab and Muslim countries but doesn't give any because the country is mostly impoverished.
Yes. Israel has international support and the largest single supporter of Israel is the United States. This is not unique to Israel though as the same things could be said of Egypt and the Palestinian Authority, half of the African countries, and most Latin American countries. Also many Arab States that receive aid from foreign countries receive their largest amounts of aid from the United States.
It has not stopped. Israel is a recipient of US foreign aid, in the form of grants and loan guarantees. Other current recipients of US foreign aid include Egypt, Jordan, Pakistan, India, Russia, West Bank and Gaza.
Yes India does give aid to poor countries as well as receives money from countries such as UK etc.
A disadvantage of foreign aid to a developing country might be the amount of money used for foreign aid when domestic aid is needed. It can be known up front if the aid will benefit the developing country.
Generally, it is Israel and Egypt.
The US offers foreign aid mostly to support struggling democracies and countries that are critical to foreign policy objectives is true.