The eight players that received a lifetime suspension for being the 'Black Sox' were Joe Jackson, Happy Felsch, Fred McMullen, Eddie Cicotte, Lefty Williams, Swede Risberg, Chick Gandel, and Buck Weaver. Weaver always claimed his innocence and said he played his best and never took any money from gamblers to throw the Series. No one ever disputed that. The other seven received at least $5,000 for throwing the Series. Gamblers that were involved and behind the fix were Arnold Rothstein, a gambler and racketeer from New York and Joseph 'Sport' Sullivan, a bookie from Boston.
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The "Black Sox" scandal of 1919 is when the World Series was fixed by gamblers. Eight players from the Chicago White Sox were accused of throwing the series against the Cincinnati Reds. The eight players included "Shoeless" Joe Jackson, Eddie Cicotte, Claude "Lefty" Williams, Buck Weaver, Arnold "Chick" Gandil, Fred McMullin, Charles "Swede" Risberg; and outfielder Oscar "Happy" Felsch.
these players were banned from professional baseball for life.
Because the owner of the White Sox in 1919, Charles Commiskey, made the players pay for their own laundry, so to protest, they didn't was their clothes, and when they went out to play, their clothes were so dirty that even their socks were black. They were called the black sox before the scandal.
The White Sox were the best team in Baseball in the late 1910's having won the World Series in 1917 and the American League again in 1919. Their opponent in the 1919 world series was the Cincinnati Reds. The White Sox were a much better team and were heavily favored to win their second World Series in three years.
There was a large presence of organized crime in Chicago and they saw an opportunity to make money with the White Sox because the White Sox were owned by Charles Comiskey a notoriously cheap owner who paid his players very little, despite having some of the most talented players in baseball.
The Chicago gangsters were able to get to the players of the White Sox and pay them off to lose games on purpose and fix the World Series. They were successful. The heavily favored White Sox lost to the Reds in the 1919 World Series and it was obvious that the players did not play their best.
Ultimately eight players on the White Soc were banned from baseball for life, including the great Shoeless Joe Jackson for their role in fixing the 1919 World Series and were named forever as the Black Sox.
In 1919 the White Sox betted on the World Series, betting that they would lose. So they threw the games