0
This is also used very greatly in Philosophy
EMPIRICAL- is the belief that the Physical world (the one you can touch) is the Real world.
They also believe:
- The world is Imperfect and is Dynamic
- The world is Disorderly
- They base existence off the ability to use your 5 senses
- They are subjective in their viewpoints
- Life is full of uncertainty (as it is Dynamic and always changing)
- Some Empirical philosophers: Heraclitus, Aristotle and David Hume
SPECULATIVE: is also referred to as Rationalism (and is how I will refer to it here). Rationalism is the belief that the non-physical world (that which you cannot touch) is the Real world.
They also believe:
- The world is perfect, ideal and absolute (static; never changing)
- The world is orderly
- They base existence off the ability to Reason
- They are objective in their viewpoints
- Life is full of certainty (it is static and thus, always the same)
- Some Rationalism philosophers: Zeno, Plato
A popular question Rationalists have that you may come across in the future is "Did God create man; or did man create God?" Think about it!
Anyway, both are what are considered to be the World Views. They are both examples of Ontology and Epistemology. A good way to remember the difference between the two is this:
Empirical says: Life and Reality was here before man
Rationalism says: man creates reality
Please use the term "man" loosely as it does refer to as human.
Empirical theories are based on observed data and evidence, making testable predictions and drawing conclusions from experimental results. Speculative theories, on the other hand, are based on conjecture or assumptions, lacking empirical evidence to support their claims. Empirical theories are considered to be more reliable and scientifically rigorous compared to speculative theories.
Add your answer:
Earn +20 pts
What do sociologists use empirical evidence to refer to?
Sociologists use empirical evidence to refer to data that is collected through direct observation or experimentation, rather than relying on speculation or personal opinion. This evidence is used to support or refute hypotheses and theories about social phenomena.
What is the use of objective and systematic observation to test theories one that is often employed by sociologists?
Objective and systematic observation is used by sociologists to gather data and evidence that can be used to test theories and hypotheses. By observing behavior in a structured and objective manner, sociologists can gather reliable information that can help validate or refine sociological theories. This method allows researchers to study patterns and relationships within society in a rigorous and empirical way.
How are Lombroso theories viewed today?
Lombroso's theories are largely dismissed in modern criminology due to their lack of empirical support and reliance on pseudoscientific ideas about biological determinism. His concept of the "born criminal" has been widely discredited, as it fails to account for the complex sociocultural factors that influence criminal behavior. Instead, contemporary criminology emphasizes environmental, psychological, and social explanations for criminal conduct.
Sociologists use the concept empirical evidence to refer to?
Empirical evidence refers to data collected through direct observation or experimentation in the real world. Sociologists use empirical evidence to support their theories and conclusions based on systematically gathered information from the social world.
What is hypothesis in sociology?
In sociology, a hypothesis is a proposed explanation or statement about a social phenomenon that can be tested through research. It is a prediction about the relationship between variables that is based on existing theories and empirical evidence. Hypotheses help guide sociological research and provide a framework for investigating social patterns and behaviors.
How are theories and models connected?
they are both speculative
What are empirical and speculative theories in organized crime?
There are different theories of organized crime. The first one is the queer ladder of mobility theory that states that organized crime was a means to accumulating power and money. There is also the social control theory that says that family, community and social bond will either encourage or prevent entry into a life of crime for an individual. It continues to state that fear of embarrassment, punishment and psychological restraints will restrain people from engaging in organized crime. Organized crime has organizing principles and a definite structure to retain control and grow.
What is the antonym for empirical?
Antonym: republic Synonym: command Hope this helps and don't worry they're 100% correct! :p
Why is chemistry a science and alchemy was not?
Chemistry is a science because it is based on systematic observation, experimentation, and the use of the scientific method to explain natural phenomena. Alchemy, on the other hand, relied on mysticism, speculative theories, and attempts to transmute base metals into gold, which are not based on empirical evidence or rigorous scientific principles.
In the scientific world cold hard facts are often termed?
empirical evidence or data.
What it means when psychologists state that scientific theories must be supported by empirical evidence.?
When psychologists state that scientific theories must be supported by empirical evidence, they are emphasizing the importance of using objective data and observations to validate or refute their theories. Empirical evidence refers to information that is obtained through systematic investigation and observation in the real world, rather than relying on personal opinions or beliefs. This process helps ensure that psychological theories are based on reliable and verifiable information, promoting the credibility and validity of the field.
What is the classification of Political Theory?
Political theories are broadly classified into two categories - classical and modern. The classical theories are normative in character while the modern theories are empirical. One may further subdivide the modern theories into modern and contemporary.
Why do university psychology courses not include Freud and Jung?
Universities tend to focus on psychology theories that have empirical support, or research, to back them up. Even though people study Freud and Jung for self awareness and personal growth, their theories are not considered scientifically based. Many of Freud's theories have been disproven, and Jung's had mystical aspects that lack an empirical basis.
What is Carl Jung's limitations?
Cal Jung's theories have been frequently criticised for lack of empirical evidences to support them.
What is a speculative essay?
It presents theories and questions that aim to elaborate the area of a problem. It also aims to present varieties of idea of a subject matter.
Can theories be disproved?
Yes, theories can be disproved if empirical evidence contradicts the predictions or explanations proposed by the theory. This process is a fundamental aspect of the scientific method, where new evidence can lead to the modification or rejection of existing theories.
What are speculative functions of philosophy?
Speculative functions of philosophy entail exploring abstract concepts and theories to determine underlying truths about the nature of reality, knowledge, and existence. This involves challenging assumptions, posing new questions, and engaging in profound intellectual inquiry beyond empirical observations. Philosophy aims to push the boundaries of understanding and encourage critical thinking about fundamental aspects of human experience.
