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The men usually referred to as the patriarchs are Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

In the New Testament, there are also references to David and the 12 sons of Jacob as patriachs.

Patriachs can also mean Adam, Seth, Enos, Cainan, Mahahaleel, Jared, Enoch, Methuselah, Lamech, and Noah.

However, the 5 Patriarchs of the Christian Church (as understood in Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Theology) are: Rome, Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, and Jerusalem. The Pope of Rome is the successor of both Sts. Peter and Paul as leaders of the Church of Rome. Both men were martyred there. The Ecumenical Patriarch is the successor of St. Andrew who was the founder and first bishop of the Church of Constantinople. The Pope of Alexandria is the successor of St. Mark the Evangelist, who founded the Church in Alexandria. St. Peter, though he lead the community in Rome, also founded the Church in Antioch, where Sts. Paul and Barnabas also preached. As such, Antioch is seen as a Patriarchate and one of the main 5 centers and shepherds of the Christian Church. As the Church spread outside of Jerusalem, St. James was the head of the Church there and was martyred there. Accordingly, the Patriarch or bishop of Jerusalem is the successor of St. James as bishop of the Church of Jerusalem.*Note: While there is an order in honor, there is an equality among the patriarchs with a "first among equals" notion in the case of the Roman Pontiff on account of his holding both the Chairs of Peter and Paul (both heads of the Christian community in Rome, where they were martyred). There are, however, varying interpretations of what such a "first among equals" notion would mean.

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Q: Who are the 5 Patriarchs?
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