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Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic perspective likened human mental life to an iceberg, with the unconscious mind representing the vast submerged portion and the conscious mind representing the smaller visible part. Freud believed that exploring the unconscious could reveal hidden motivations and conflicts that influence behavior.

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Q: What psychological perspectives likened human mental life to an iceberg?
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How new discoveries influence contemporary psychological perspectives?

New discoveries in fields such as neuroscience and behavioral genetics have led to a deeper understanding of brain function, personality traits, and mental health disorders. This information has influenced contemporary psychological perspectives by emphasizing the role of biology and genetics in shaping behavior and psychological processes. It has also led to the development of new therapeutic approaches that integrate biological and psychological factors in treatment.


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The main types of psychological perspectives are biological, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, psychodynamic, and sociocultural. These perspectives provide different ways of understanding human behavior and mental processes, emphasizing various factors such as biology, learning, cognition, emotions, unconscious drives, and cultural influences. Each perspective offers unique insights into the complexities of human psychology.