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The entire group that a researcher is interested in is called the population. This includes all individuals who meet the criteria for the study and about whom the researcher wants to draw conclusions.
Population.
In social research, the universe refers to the entire group or population that the researcher is interested in studying. It includes all individuals or elements that possess the characteristics being studied and is the target of generalizations made based on research findings.
The population in psychological research refers to the entire group of individuals that researchers are interested in studying. This group serves as the target for generalizing research findings. For example, the population could be all adults suffering from anxiety.
The elements of experiments include the independent variable (manipulated by the researcher), dependent variable (outcome being measured), control group (not exposed to the independent variable), and experimental group (exposed to the independent variable). Variables can be independent (controlled by the researcher), dependent (measured to see the effect of the independent variable), or extraneous (unintended variables that can affect the results).
The group that received no treatment in an experiment is called the control group. It is used as a baseline for comparison to evaluate the effects of the treatment given to another group.