Most tornadoes develop from a larger but less violent circulation in a thunderstorm called a mesocyclone. Under the right conditions a downdraft may wrap around the mesocyclone and cause it to tighten and intensify and can bring that circulation to the ground in the process.
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Tornadoes form when cold, dry air collides with warm, moist air, creating instability in the atmosphere. This can trigger the formation of a rotating column of air called a vortex, which can develop into a tornado if it reaches the ground. Various factors like wind shear, atmospheric conditions, and topography can influence whether a tornado will touch down.
By definition a tornado must be in contact with both the ground and the cloud base. So, in that sense, yeas. But this only means that the violent circulation must make this connection, not necessarily the visible funnel. Additionally, sometimes a tornado starts to form, but dissipates before touching down, but in that case it is not considered a tornado.
When a tornado funnel touches the ground, the air near the surface rushes inward at high speeds and begins to rotate rapidly. This rotation causes the funnel cloud to extend downward, allowing the tornado to make contact with the ground and causing destruction in its path.
A funnel cloud forms when a rotating column of air descends from a thunderstorm cloud but doesn't touch the ground. When the funnel cloud touches the ground, it becomes a tornado. The rotating air within the tornado causes it to appear as a funnel-shaped cloud.
It's caused by wind going in circular motion.
Techincally, 100%. If it does not touch the ground it is not considered a tornado. The number of potential tornadoes that do not touch down is not known, as these weaker circulations are often difficult to detect.