HD stands for High Definition. HDMI stands for High Definition Multimedia Iterface. HDMI is the input for 1080p HD programming. HD is the actual resolution 1920x1080p is the standard for HD currently. It stands for 1920 horizontal lines and 1080 vertical lines (This creaes a little over 2 megapixlels). These lines refresh to create the image and the more lines the beter quality that you see. the p stands for progressive scan where the entire image is refreshed at once. 1080i is interlaced so half the lines refresh and the other half next. The time between the two is very miniscule. 720p is also HD by the way and it is shown with component cables (this also shows 1080i). The HDMI cable and port transmits 1080p image. Most HD progamming on cable and satellite is 720p although 1080p is used on some PPV chanels. Blu-ray is completely 1080p. DVD's don't use HD although they can be upconverted in a blu-ray player, but it won't be quite as good as a blu-ray disc.
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No, but the HDMI cable also carries AUDIO.
There are three differences: S-video is an analog connection while HDMI is digital and carries audio as well as video signals. HDMI cables can carry a wide range of SD and HD signals while S-video is a signal type restricted to standard definition only. HDMI carries a component signal, a better quality signal than the color encoded signal carried on S-video. So, given the choice, HDMI will normally provide a better image, even if it is carrying SD and is the only choice for HD content.
The coaxial RF input on a HDTV will process a HD signal but it is not an HDMI input.
There is no difference in the picture quality. You simply need to purchase the cable for the application that you have. If you have a normal Blu-Ray, HDTV and Cable or Satellite HD receiver, a HDMI 1.3 cable is the right type. For 3D televisions, purchase a 1.4 cable.
You'll need a receiver with at least 2 HDMI inputs and 1 output, as well as an HD-capable cable box. Connect the XBOX and the cable box to the receiver with the HDMI cables, and then plug the HDMI output on the receiver to the TV.