paging is the process of memory management in which memory is allocated in the non contiguous form,i.e. the program is break into block of fixed size known as page and also the main memory also break down into block of same size known as frame or page frame.
Now all this page are brought into the main memory but in the space available so they can be contiguous if they find whole space required by the program or if the space is available but in scattered form then they can give space in non contiguous form.
But in demand paging only those pages are brought into main memory which are required to execute the program at that time when a program need other pages it will swap out the unused pages from the main memory and swap in the desired page thus allowing it to execute the program though the space available is not sufficient to bring the whole program into main memory..................One of the problem arises due to demand paging is page fault which is caused due to required page not found in main memory for which we require swapping.
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Thrashing
It is a memory managermnet concept where the operating system copies the dats from the disk space to the main memory (RAM) only when is trying to access the page. it is like we have to attempt the page again, when the page fault has occured while trying to get the data.
thrashing
Any operating system that allows for "paging" or "swapping" is capable of this.
Paging has many advantages. First of all, paging allows you to relocate memory areas to other places where they are more useful. For example, any operating system must divide memory in two areas, one for the operating system itself (OS, data, management tables, ...) and one for the user programs. The area for the OS must be subdivided into areas to store each driver and its data. The area for the user must be subdivided to store each program and its data.