an assembler is aroutine program that translates assemly language source code to a machine language object code
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An assembler must be specifically written to accommodate both the operating system, as well as the underlying CPU architecture.
An operating system is mostly developed in C. C++ is less common, but used by several OS developers. There also is some operatingsystems developed in Pascal and Ruby. The last (ruby) used an interpreter in C. To load the operating system, you need a bootloader. Which is at least partially written in assembler.
compiler linker loader macroprocessor assembler
compiler linker loader macroprocessor assembler
compiler linker loader macroprocessor assembler