Mainly because they wanted to be in control of their own life, but also because of being treated too poorly.
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Slaves ran away from their owners to escape cruel treatment, to seek freedom, and to reunite with their families. The desire for autonomy and the hope for a better life were common motivations for slaves to flee captivity.
Slaves ran away from their owners for various reasons, including seeking freedom, escaping mistreatment or abuse, reuniting with family members, and pursuing better living conditions. The desire for liberty and autonomy was a primary motivator for why many slaves risked their lives to escape bondage.
Runaway slaves in the United States often attempted to reach free states in the North, Canada, or other countries where slavery was prohibited. These destinations provided the opportunity for freedom and safety from being captured and returned to their owners.
When slaves ran away, they risked severe punishment if caught, such as whipping or even death. Slaves who successfully escaped often had to navigate difficult terrain and avoid capture while seeking freedom in the North or Canada via the Underground Railroad. Many found refuge and freedom in these locations, but the journey was dangerous and challenging.
The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 made it a federal crime to assist slaves in escaping to freedom. This law required citizens to assist in capturing and returning escaped slaves to their owners.
Slaves who ran away faced harsh punishments such as beatings, mutilation, or even death when caught. In addition, escaping meant leaving behind any support networks and risking not being able to find a safe haven. The Fugitive Slave Act also allowed for the capture and return of escaped slaves, increasing the danger of running away.