Northerners favored it because it banned slavery in the land obtained from Mexico, aka the Mexican Cession, thus making another step toward abolishing slavery. They supported this so much, that antislavery northerners created a new party, known as the Free- Soil Party, which supported the Wilmot Proviso. Southerners, however, opposed it, and wanted more land that allows slavery.
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they opposed it
This question is hard to answer with just one viewpoint. In fact, in the early 1850's the idea of slavery was mixed among Northerners. For example, the clergy were sometimes in favor of slavery, as seen in "South Side view of Slavery" by Rev. Nehemiah Adams, but this was not always the case. When Harriet Beecher Stowe's book, "Uncle Tom's Cabin" was published in 1852, many northerners were outraged by the atrocities slave families had to go through. She is said to have described her book as actual events and occurrences that she had witnessed and put together in a "mosaic," as an artist would do. Her book opened the eyes of many northerners and westerners who had never experienced such things. With all this in mind, however, it cannot be said that all northerners and for that matter all southerners shared the same viewpoints. While the abolitionists, northerners who felt slavery was immoral, screamed louder than any other northerners, their ideas were not the only ones. Other northerners were afraid that such cheap labor would keep their prices uncompetitive in the market place. Therefore, it can be said that both economic and moral reasons dictated the views of the northerners in the 1850's. For the most part, however, the north did not find a need to have slaves because their population had increased over time and the labor force was extensive. While the north saw an increase in population, the south remained nearly stagnate.
It was the North because the north gained money while south lost it because they bought most of their goods from Britain, who goods had the tariffs on them.
The North was not uniform in its reaction to Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry and his punishment for it. The most vocal of those who did speak out in speeches and editorials, however, tended to favor his actions. One Abolitionist Editorial called John Brown "the most practical Abolitionist in the country." Such fiery rhetoric convinced southerners, already paranoid, that all northerners were set to free all their slaves at the first opportunity.
John Calhoun of South Carolina (the 7th Vice President of the US) was among the Southerners who resisted Northern efforts to introduce abolitionist laws in Congress. He died in 1850, just as the anti-slavery movement was growing. The Southerners wanted slavery to move to the western territories. They wanted their already booming economy to be spread into the new states. However, they reached conflict with the Northerners who were not in favor of slavery. The Kansas- Nebraska Act allowed the citizens to vote whether or not they were for slavery caused major problems. This increased tensions between the opposing states. Before Abraham Lincoln's election, the country struggled on the issue of secession. When he took office in 1861, things reached their breaking point and the first Southern states seceded.