Varathane is the best product available to the general public. The finish is very durable and dries relatively quickly.
generally, you fill in any holes/cracks, rent a commercial sander and sand the surface back smooth, then stain and polyurethane over the newly sanded floor it's not too complicated a job, but very labor intensive if you're not used to that kind of work
If you mean an oil based polyurethane, no, it will dry too hard and will chip off over time and normally isn't meant for exterior work. A better option would be to use a 100% acrylic clear polyurethane, paint or solid stain. They are adhesive enough to adhere to vinyl fencing or decking and will flex during freeze/thaw cycles.
hard wood it is way cheeper but way worse
Some sort of clear coat, varnish, some sort of polyurethane clear or polycrylic. It creates a hard see-through layer of the clear coat used. It can also be wet-sanded, making it very high gloss.
I would use an exterior polyurethane. It is going to hold up better and be more flexible than a varnish. Polyurethane has taken over the varnish market--it's hard to find any other kind. There is a "spar polyurethane," which is what you should use on the item in question.
Polyurethane is not typically sticky when applied to surfaces. It dries to form a hard, protective coating that is smooth and durable.
a soft floor usually has carpet and a hard floor has wood or other things that are hard.
The rubber casters are proper in unevend surfaces. In carpet floors, rubber wheel move hard and nylon wheel is better. In uneven tile floor rubber wheel is proper. But, if your tile floor is smooth, PU (polyurethane) wheel is good. You can see more information using following keyword searches and find corresponding web (you can use translate tools for reading). Aliam + Caster
Laminate wood flooring is the best to use if you have a larger dog. Laminate is easy to put down and even a 80 pound dog will not leave marks on it . Real hard wood flooring will show marks, but they can be sanded down to like new again.
This is a very hard fix. You will have to wait until the polyurethane to dry. Lightly sand the area affected and try to touch up the space. It may or may not look normal. But it's worth trying to fix it before you sand the entire area. There really isn't a lot that can be done until after it dries.
Danish oil is a penetrating finish that enhances the natural beauty of wood, while polyurethane is a protective coating that forms a hard, durable layer on the surface. Danish oil provides a more natural look and feel, but may require more frequent reapplication. Polyurethane offers better protection against scratches and moisture, but can give a more plastic-like appearance.
Home Depot sells hard floor cleaner. hard floor cleaner cleans your hard floor in no time. it cost around 30 dollars but it is really effective. I have bought some myself.