Which firearm has the shortest maximum range?

Answer 1

That is a little difficult to answer because range and accuracy aren't a function of just the gun only, but a combination of the gun and cartridge you are firing. In general, it will be a small handgun with a short barrel. Very generally speaking, handguns have a shorter range than rifles, and small, short barrelled handguns have even less range. Most small pocket guns are hard to shoot accurately beyond 10 or 15 yards. Probably overall, it will be a derringer, which is a small gun that has a very short barrel (1 inch or less sometimes).