USA, Russia, UK, PRC, France, India, Pakistan, North Korea are known for having nuclear weapon. Israel probably also owns nuclear weapon but never officialy declared it.
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Many countries have nuclear weapons today including the United States. China, North Korea, South Korea, and Japan also have nuclear weapons.
Today eight countries are in possessionn of nuclear weapons. The five nuclear weapons states United States, Russia (former Soviet Union), United Kingdom, France and China, are the only countries allowed to have nuclear weapons according to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) from 1970. All members of the United Nations except Israel, India and Pakistan have signed the NPT.
Atomic weapons impact the balance of military power in the world today in the sense that produce a sense of fear in the countries that have weak militaries.
The nuclear weapons of the cold war still exist. They were in responsible controlled hands during the cold war (which is why there wasn't a war). The problem: Keeping them out of un-controlled hands.