If you are referring to the American slave trade, the slave traders were mostly Dutch (Caucasian) but there were also black slave traders and slave owners. The most notable of them was a Virginian by the name of Anthony Johnson.
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There were black slave traders involved in the transatlantic slave trade, including African tribal leaders who captured people from rival groups and sold them to European slave traders. However, the bulk of the slave trade was conducted by European and American traders.
Africans captured in intertribal warfare or raids were often sold as slaves by African slave owners to European and Arab traders along the coast. These traders then transported the enslaved Africans to the Americas or the Middle East for sale.
Slave traders often resorted to physical restraints such as chains, shackles, or handcuffs to prevent slaves from escaping. They also used intimidation, violence, and threats to instill fear and discourage slaves from attempting to run away. Additionally, slave traders sometimes branded or tattooed slaves to make it easier to identify and track them if they did escape.
Slave traders obtained slaves through various means, including capturing them in war, purchasing them from other slave owners, or kidnapping them from their homes and communities. These slaves were then sold and transported to markets where they were traded for goods or money.
Slave traders obtained slaves through illegal activities such as kidnapping or by exploiting vulnerable populations within countries where slavery was still practiced. They also engaged in human trafficking, particularly in regions where poverty and corruption allowed for the exploitation of individuals.
Kidnapping of African slaves by European slave traders began when the transatlantic slave trade started in the 15th century. This practice was widespread during the era of colonization in the Americas until the abolition of the slave trade in the 19th century.