Some in the north. The most safe place for them was in Canada though.
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Escaped slaves in the United States often sought refuge in free states in the North, Canada, or in communities of free African Americans. Some also found refuge in Native American communities, where slavery was not practiced. The Underground Railroad network of safe houses and secret routes also provided a way for escaped slaves to find refuge and make their way to freedom.
Many African slaves found refuge in maroon communities, which were settlements of escaped slaves that were often located in remote or hard-to-reach areas. These communities provided a safe haven for escaped slaves to live freely without the fear of being captured and returned to their owners. Maroon communities were often self-sustaining and had their own governance structures.
The Spanish granted refuge to escaped slaves from England as a way to disrupt British colonies and weaken their economic and military power. By offering freedom to escaped slaves, the Spanish hoped to gain allies against the English and strengthen their own position in the region. Additionally, providing refuge to escaped slaves allowed the Spanish to undermine the institution of slavery in British colonies.
Escaped slaves were often called fugitives, runaway slaves, or freedom seekers. They sought refuge and safety in places where they could live freely away from their owners.
maroon colonies
The South wanted fugitive slave laws to protect their economic interests in owning slaves. These laws allowed them to recover escaped slaves who had fled to free states, thus safeguarding their investment in human labor. It also served to deter slaves from attempting to escape by making it more difficult for them to find refuge in northern states.