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Article IV, Section 2 of the Constitution orders it.

Presumably you are asking about the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, which was a part of the Great Compromise of 1850. This law tried to more strongly enforce the Constitutional requirement to return runaway slaves; before 1850, many Northern states were passing laws that made it difficult to return slaves, such as by giving them the right to a trial.

The Fugitive Slave Act set up special government commissioners who held considerable power to return slaves, and it overruled laws that would give slaves rights like the right to trial or even to testify in court. Police and other government officials who were caught not complying with the Act were automatically given very large fines and even prison sentences.

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9y ago
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Q: What was the name of the law that required everyone to help catch runaway slaves?
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