athens was under democracy and sparta was under oligarchy
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Athens valued democracy, culture, and education, while Sparta focused on military strength, discipline, and obedience. Athenian society prioritized individual freedoms, intellectual pursuits, and artistic expression, whereas Spartan society emphasized militarism, physical fitness, and strict social hierarchy.
A concept is a more developed and detailed understanding of a topic, while an idea is a more basic and general thought or suggestion.
Marx believed that the basic struggle in society is between the working class (proletariat) and the owning class (bourgeoisie) over control of resources and power.
Sentience refers to the ability to perceive and feel sensations, while consciousness is the state of being aware of one's own existence and surroundings. Sentience is more basic and refers to the capacity to experience sensations, while consciousness involves a higher level of self-awareness and understanding.
Rule-based ethical reasoning focuses on following established principles or rules to determine the ethicality of an action, while consequences-based ethical reasoning assesses actions based on their outcomes or consequences. Rule-based ethics relies on pre-determined guidelines, whereas consequences-based ethics considers the impact of an action on stakeholders.
Metaphysics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the study of the basic nature of reality and being, including the essential parts of things. It explores questions about existence, the nature of reality, identity, and the relationship between mind and matter.